Hot funnel (P_high)
Cold funnel (P_low / vacuum)
Toroid exchange zone
Hot toroid pipe
Cold toroid pipe
Hot return + reheat
Cold return + re-cool
Thermodynamic Cycle
① Hot exit → Reheat
+Q_in
↑ P
② P_high → Hot funnel rim
Pressurised entry
③ Funnel: swirl → axial
15° → 74°
④ Toroid: violent collision
|Δv| = 135
⑤ Cold exit → Re-cool
−Q_out
↓ P
⑥ P_low → Cold funnel rim
Vacuum entry
Cycle Performance (T_hot/T_cold = 3)
Pressure ratio P_high/P_low
46.8×
Carnot efficiency limit
67%
Tesla rectification
Passive ✓
External pump needed
None — dP drives flow
Cycle type
Stirling-analogue
Live Cycle State
Tracked particle zone
—
Cycle stage
—
Radius
—
Z position
—
Flow direction
—
No external pump. The P_high/P_low differential
(46.8× at T_ratio=3) drives continuous circulation.
Hot gas enters the funnel pressurised — it pushes inward.
Cold gas enters at vacuum — it is pulled inward by the
pressure difference. The Tesla-valve geometry ensures each stream
enters preferentially in the correct direction and resists backflow.
The toroid is the heat exchange zone — hot and cold meet violently (|Δv|=135), exchange heat, then exit to their respective regenerator coils before re-entering.
The toroid is the heat exchange zone — hot and cold meet violently (|Δv|=135), exchange heat, then exit to their respective regenerator coils before re-entering.